![]() ![]() These analytical models focused on the study of traffic phases (in terms of thermodynamics): at first two (free flow and congested), then three phases (free flow, wide jam and synchronized). These models would later be known as macroscopic. Principles of conservation of mass and energy could then lead to the proof of algebraic and differential equations describing the links between these variables. The reasoning was the same: although it was known that traffic was composed of cars, like gases were composed of molecules, with their own set of defining characteristics, it was more productive to consider the resulting aggregations like mean speed, flow or density. Based on the best methodology available at the time, they mirrored the practice of physics and in particular, fluid mechanics. Modeling traffic is about as old as car traffic itself : the first ideas date back to the 1920s (like Frank Knight traffic equilibrium) and the first models to the 1950s. An experiment carried out shows that the model can accurately reproduce the traffic in Hanoi, Vietnam. Moreover, the model allows to carry out city-level simulations with tens of thousands of driver agents. In particular, it allows modelling road infrastructures and traffic signals, change of lanes by driver agents and less normative traffic mixing car and motorbike as in some South East Asian countries. In this paper, we present a built-in model integrated into the GAMA open-source modeling and simulation platform, allowing the modeler to easily define traffic simulations with a detailed representation of the driver’s operational behaviors. Among them, agent-based frameworks are now appropriate for studying ordinary traffic conditions at city-scale, but remain difficult to adapt, especially for non-computer scientists, to more specific application contexts (e.g., car accidents, evacuation following a natural disaster), that require integrating particular behaviors for the agents. Users can expand the road traffic model with Pedestrian Library and Rail Library elements to simulate complex transport systems, including railway hubs and airport terminals.Continuous improvement in computing power allowed for an increase of the scales micro-traffic models can be used at.Road traffic models can be animated in 2D and 3D for better visualization.In this way, road network draws automatically. AnyLogic allows users to convert GIS shapefiles, with the data on the existing roads, to AnyLogic road space markup shapes.The road traffic density map is instrumental for visualizing traffic congestions and collecting statistics on traffic flows.The library’s predefined algorithms account for driving regulations, such as speed control, choosing the least busy lane, rules for lane merging, and avoiding and detecting collisions.The library provides tools to easily model intersections with priorities, traffic lights, pedestrian crossings, bus stops, and parking lots. ![]() Capturing the behavior is crucial when assessing the whole traffic system performance. Vehicles’ behavior is simulated with flowcharts, which can be easily built in a drag-and-drop manner. Each vehicle represents an agent that can have its own physical parameters, such as length, speed, and acceleration. ![]()
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